Nehemiah's Adversaries

I often visit the book of Nehemiah when considering matters of leadership. This Old Testament account of the rebuilding of the walls of Jerusalem provides great insight into what leadership requires, the necessity of clear vision, the accomplishment of the vision and the investment and requirements on people employed in the work of God. As I have revisited the book in light of our church life I asked a question that took a bit of research and growing understanding of the context of Nehemiah. My question is this, why did Sanballat, Tobiah and the Arabs who came against Nehemiah when he began building the wall, not do so before reconstruction began? I think I found the answer.

Nehemiah was the cupbearer for Artaxerxes the King of Persia. The historical context is that Nehemiah was returning to Jerusalem when the land was under the rule of Persian Empire. This was after the rule of the Assyrians and Babylonians, which as you may recall were under the rule of King Nebuchadnezzar. The Persian Empire was the largest of these empires historically, ruling as far north east as modern Turkey (even into portions of Greece), as far south as Northern Egypt, and as far west as Iran, encompassing Iraq as well.

Sanballat was a Samaritan, a mixed people group of northern Israelites and foreign nationalities. The people of Tobiah were known as Ammonites. These were the descendants of Lot’s incestuous relationship with his youngest daughter. So I believe the reason they weren’t attacking Jerusalem was because they were simply content with her state of destruction. As long as the walls of the city lay in disrepair, it was a victory to them. They were conquered people just as the Jews were, but their status was improved by the shear ruin of Jerusalem. We know that the Samaritans were a people group of mixed nationality, and their religious views were very similar to the Israelites (for a good understanding of this you can read John 4:1-45 to understand Jesus' encounter with the Samaritan woman at the well). Historically the Ammonites sought to gain strength over the Israelites. Though their worship was vastly different (they worshiped Molech), they were intent on overpowering the Israelites to possess the best portions of land. It is no surprise that they would join forces with Sanballat and others to oppress the Jews.

Read the Scripture found in Nehemiah 4 and notice the attitude of these critics of the Israelites. “Now when Sanballat heard that we were building the wall, he was angry and greatly enraged, and he jeered at the Jews. And he said in the presence of his brothers and of the army of Samaria, “What are these feeble Jews doing? Will they restore it for themselves? Will they sacrifice? Will they finish up in a day? Will they revive the stones out of the heaps of rubbish, and burned ones at that?” Tobiah the Ammonite was beside him, and he said, “Yes, what they are building—if a fox goes up on it he will break down their stone wall!”” (Nehemiah 4:1–3 ESV)

Later in the same chapter of Nehemiah we discover how Nehemiah's plan to have every work employed with spear and trowels thwarted the enemies. “When our enemies heard that it was known to us and that God had frustrated their plan, we all returned to the wall, each to his work. From that day on, half of my servants worked on construction, and half held the spears, shields, bows, and coats of mail. And the leaders stood behind the whole house of Judah, who were building on the wall. Those who carried burdens were loaded in such a way that each labored on the work with one hand and held his weapon with the other. And each of the builders had his sword strapped at his side while he built. The man who sounded the trumpet was beside me. And I said to the nobles and to the officials and to the rest of the people, “The work is great and widely spread, and we are separated on the wall, far from one another. In the place where you hear the sound of the trumpet, rally to us there. Our God will fight for us.”

So we labored at the work, and half of them held the spears from the break of dawn until the stars came out. I also said to the people at that time, “Let every man and his servant pass the night within Jerusalem, that they may be a guard for us by night and may labor by day.” So neither I nor my brothers nor my servants nor the men of the guard who followed me, none of us took off our clothes; each kept his weapon at his right hand.”
(Nehemiah 4:15–23 ESV)

Why is this significant for us today? I believe that if we are going to accomplish the purposes of God in the life of Coopertown Community Church, doing our part in God's Kingdom work, we too are going to face similar persecution. We are going to face enemies who are going to attempt to undermine the work of the Lord in His church. They will do whatever is in their power to deter the work of His Kingdom. I would venture to say that the enemies are not going to be formidable foes, like the mighty Persian Dynasty. Rather the enemies will appear to be similar to us in a lot of ways (possessing some of the same religious views and claiming some of the same heritage), yet they will critical of our work, elevating their own purposes. They may possibly promote some of the same values and goals as we have, but it will only be on the surface.

Here is my great concern, as long as we are in a state of complacency, contentment, or ease, we will find our efforts unopposed. However, when we move in line with God’s plan we must anticipate opposition and we must be prepared to labor with one hand at the task and ready with weapons of war in the other.

Therefore, it is appropriate for us to put on the full armor of God to stand firm in these situations. It is neccessary to put our hands to the work engaging in all that the Lord has in store for us in the year 2011. The things that we have celebrated, God's working in our past, and the matters we have proposed for tomorrow, cannot, and will not be sustained if we fail to commit to service together in prayer, in work, in rest, and in the efforts of Christ's Kingdom. My friends and family, may we follow the example of commitment found in the life of the Israelites as they grew in obedience to the Word of God with committed lives to the LORD. By doing this may it be said of us, "the work had been accomplished with the help of our God." (Nehemiah 6:16b)